Fix generate_numbered_unique_names() to respect the counter argument.

Closes #1

See merge request !10

Closes #1

Improve persistent dict documentation.

See merge request inducer/pytools!9

Nicer warning behavior for PersistentDict

See merge request !7

* Add a CacheCollision warning subclass.
* Track stack level so that warnings show user code line numbers.

Example:

Modifying line 287 of test_persistent_dict.py so that the warning
isn't captured by the test, we get this:

```
test_persistent_dict.py:287: CollisionWarning: pytools-test: key collision in cache at '/tmp/tmpq9p3i0b9' -- these are sufficiently unlikely that they're often indicative of a broken implementation of equality comparison
  pdict[key2]  # user code
```

The old behavior was:

```
/home/matt/src/pytools/pytools/persistent_dict.py:466: UserWarning: pytools-test: key collision in cache at '/tmp/tmpuk8js9jw' -- these are sufficiently unlikely that they're often indicative of a broken implementation of equality comparison
  % (self.identifier, self.container_dir))
```

Fix value used for testing store_if_not_present()

See merge request !6

Store if not present in persistent dicts

See merge request !5

PersistentDict cleanup; create WriteOncePersistentDict

See merge request inducer/pytools!4

Conflicts:
	test/test_persistent_dict.py

Major changes to PersistentDict:
  * Uses a per-file lock instead of a per-container-dir lock.
  * Removed info files from store().
  * Checks for cache collision on delete.
  * Added more tests.

This change also implements WriteOncePersistentDict, which has a
write-once policy.  WriteOncePersistentDict uses a writer lock but
allows for unlocked reads, which makes reads from disk faster.  It
also uses an in-memory LRU cache to speed up accesses.

the version read is for backwards compatibility.

This adds an optional in-memory LRU cache. To use the cache, you
supply a *in_mem_cache_size* parameter to the PersistentDict.

In order to properly support cache invalidation this also implements
version tracking of files. This change is backwards compatible with
existing persistent dict caches.