wrap_cl.hpp

#ifndef _AFJHAYYTA_PYOPENCL_HEADER_SEEN_WRAP_CL_HPP
#define _AFJHAYYTA_PYOPENCL_HEADER_SEEN_WRAP_CL_HPP

// CL 1.2 undecided:
// clSetPrintfCallback

// {{{ includes

#define CL_USE_DEPRECATED_OPENCL_1_1_APIS
// #define NPY_NO_DEPRECATED_API NPY_1_7_API_VERSION

#ifdef __APPLE__

// Mac ------------------------------------------------------------------------
#include <OpenCL/opencl.h>
#ifdef HAVE_GL

#define PYOPENCL_GL_SHARING_VERSION 1

#include <OpenGL/OpenGL.h>
#include <OpenCL/cl_gl.h>
#include <OpenCL/cl_gl_ext.h>
#endif

#else

// elsewhere ------------------------------------------------------------------
#include <CL/cl.h>
#include <CL/cl_ext.h>

#if defined(_WIN32)
#define NOMINMAX
#include <windows.h>
#endif

#ifdef HAVE_GL
#include <GL/gl.h>
#include <CL/cl_gl.h>
#endif

#if defined(cl_khr_gl_sharing) && (cl_khr_gl_sharing >= 1)
#define PYOPENCL_GL_SHARING_VERSION cl_khr_gl_sharing
#endif

#endif

#include <stdexcept>
#include <iostream>
#include <vector>
#include <utility>
#include <numeric>
#include "wrap_helpers.hpp"
#include "numpy_init.hpp"
#include "tools.hpp"

#ifdef PYOPENCL_PRETEND_CL_VERSION
#define PYOPENCL_CL_VERSION PYOPENCL_PRETEND_CL_VERSION
#else

#if defined(CL_VERSION_1_2)
#define PYOPENCL_CL_VERSION 0x1020
#elif defined(CL_VERSION_1_1)
#define PYOPENCL_CL_VERSION 0x1010
#else
#define PYOPENCL_CL_VERSION 0x1000
#endif

#endif


#if PY_VERSION_HEX >= 0x03000000
#define PYOPENCL_USE_NEW_BUFFER_INTERFACE
#endif
// }}}





// {{{ tools
#if PY_VERSION_HEX >= 0x02050000
  typedef Py_ssize_t PYOPENCL_BUFFER_SIZE_T;
#else
  typedef int PYOPENCL_BUFFER_SIZE_T;
#endif

#define PYOPENCL_CAST_BOOL(B) ((B) ? CL_TRUE : CL_FALSE)





#define PYOPENCL_DEPRECATED(WHAT, KILL_VERSION, EXTRA_MSG) \
  { \
    PyErr_Warn( \
        PyExc_DeprecationWarning, \
        WHAT " is deprecated and will stop working in PyOpenCL " KILL_VERSION". " \
        EXTRA_MSG); \
  }

#if PYOPENCL_CL_VERSION >= 0x1020

#define PYOPENCL_GET_EXT_FUN(PLATFORM, NAME, VAR) \
    NAME##_fn VAR \
      = (NAME##_fn) \
      clGetExtensionFunctionAddressForPlatform(PLATFORM, #NAME); \
    \
    if (!VAR) \
      throw error(#NAME, CL_INVALID_VALUE, #NAME \
          "not available");

#else

#define PYOPENCL_GET_EXT_FUN(PLATFORM, NAME, VAR) \
    NAME##_fn VAR \
      = (NAME##_fn) \
      clGetExtensionFunctionAddress(#NAME); \
    \
    if (!VAR) \
      throw error(#NAME, CL_INVALID_VALUE, #NAME \
          "not available");

#endif


#define PYOPENCL_PARSE_PY_DEVICES \
    std::vector<cl_device_id> devices_vec; \
    cl_uint num_devices; \
    cl_device_id *devices; \
    \
    if (py_devices.ptr() == Py_None) \
    { \
      num_devices = 0; \
      devices = 0; \
    } \
    else \
    { \
      PYTHON_FOREACH(py_dev, py_devices) \
        devices_vec.push_back( \
            py::extract<device &>(py_dev)().data()); \
      num_devices = devices_vec.size(); \
      devices = devices_vec.empty( ) ? NULL : &devices_vec.front(); \
    } \


#define PYOPENCL_RETRY_RETURN_IF_MEM_ERROR(OPERATION) \
    try \
    { \
      OPERATION \
    } \
    catch (pyopencl::error &e) \
    { \
      if (!e.is_out_of_memory()) \
        throw; \
    } \
    \
    /* If we get here, we got an error from CL.
     * We should run the Python GC to try and free up
     * some memory references. */ \
    run_python_gc(); \
    \
    /* Now retry the allocation. If it fails again,
     * let it fail. */ \
    { \
      OPERATION \
    }




#define PYOPENCL_RETRY_IF_MEM_ERROR(OPERATION) \
  { \
    bool failed_with_mem_error = false; \
    try \
    { \
      OPERATION \
    } \
    catch (pyopencl::error &e) \
    { \
      failed_with_mem_error = true; \
      if (!e.is_out_of_memory()) \
        throw; \
    } \
    \
    if (failed_with_mem_error) \
    { \
      /* If we get here, we got an error from CL.
       * We should run the Python GC to try and free up
       * some memory references. */ \
      run_python_gc(); \
      \
      /* Now retry the allocation. If it fails again,
       * let it fail. */ \
      { \
        OPERATION \
      } \
    } \
  }

// }}}

// {{{ tracing and error reporting
#ifdef PYOPENCL_TRACE
  #define PYOPENCL_PRINT_CALL_TRACE(NAME) \
    std::cerr << NAME << std::endl;
  #define PYOPENCL_PRINT_CALL_TRACE_INFO(NAME, EXTRA_INFO) \
    std::cerr << NAME << " (" << EXTRA_INFO << ')' << std::endl;
#else
  #define PYOPENCL_PRINT_CALL_TRACE(NAME) /*nothing*/
  #define PYOPENCL_PRINT_CALL_TRACE_INFO(NAME, EXTRA_INFO) /*nothing*/
#endif

#define PYOPENCL_CALL_GUARDED_THREADED_WITH_TRACE_INFO(NAME, ARGLIST, TRACE_INFO) \
  { \
    PYOPENCL_PRINT_CALL_TRACE_INFO(#NAME, TRACE_INFO); \
    cl_int status_code; \
    Py_BEGIN_ALLOW_THREADS \
      status_code = NAME ARGLIST; \
    Py_END_ALLOW_THREADS \
    if (status_code != CL_SUCCESS) \
      throw pyopencl::error(#NAME, status_code);\
  }

#define PYOPENCL_CALL_GUARDED_WITH_TRACE_INFO(NAME, ARGLIST, TRACE_INFO) \
  { \
    PYOPENCL_PRINT_CALL_TRACE_INFO(#NAME, TRACE_INFO); \
    cl_int status_code; \
    status_code = NAME ARGLIST; \
    if (status_code != CL_SUCCESS) \
      throw pyopencl::error(#NAME, status_code);\
  }

#define PYOPENCL_CALL_GUARDED_THREADED(NAME, ARGLIST) \
  { \
    PYOPENCL_PRINT_CALL_TRACE(#NAME); \
    cl_int status_code; \
    Py_BEGIN_ALLOW_THREADS \
      status_code = NAME ARGLIST; \
    Py_END_ALLOW_THREADS \
    if (status_code != CL_SUCCESS) \
      throw pyopencl::error(#NAME, status_code);\
  }

#define PYOPENCL_CALL_GUARDED(NAME, ARGLIST) \
  { \
    PYOPENCL_PRINT_CALL_TRACE(#NAME); \
    cl_int status_code; \
    status_code = NAME ARGLIST; \
    if (status_code != CL_SUCCESS) \
      throw pyopencl::error(#NAME, status_code);\
  }
#define PYOPENCL_CALL_GUARDED_CLEANUP(NAME, ARGLIST) \
  { \
    PYOPENCL_PRINT_CALL_TRACE(#NAME); \
    cl_int status_code; \
    status_code = NAME ARGLIST; \
    if (status_code != CL_SUCCESS) \
      std::cerr \
        << "PyOpenCL WARNING: a clean-up operation failed (dead context maybe?)" \
        << std::endl \
        << #NAME " failed with code " << status_code \
        << std::endl; \
  }

// }}}

// {{{ get_info helpers
#define PYOPENCL_GET_OPAQUE_INFO(WHAT, FIRST_ARG, SECOND_ARG, CL_TYPE, TYPE) \
  { \
    CL_TYPE param_value; \
    PYOPENCL_CALL_GUARDED(clGet##WHAT##Info, \
          (FIRST_ARG, SECOND_ARG, sizeof(param_value), &param_value, 0)); \
    if (param_value) \
      return py::object(handle_from_new_ptr( \
            new TYPE(param_value, /*retain*/ true))); \
    else \
      return py::object(); \
  }

#define PYOPENCL_GET_VEC_INFO(WHAT, FIRST_ARG, SECOND_ARG, RES_VEC) \
  { \
    size_t size; \
    PYOPENCL_CALL_GUARDED(clGet##WHAT##Info, \
        (FIRST_ARG, SECOND_ARG, 0, 0, &size)); \
    \
    RES_VEC.resize(size / sizeof(RES_VEC.front())); \
    \
    PYOPENCL_CALL_GUARDED(clGet##WHAT##Info, \
        (FIRST_ARG, SECOND_ARG, size, \
         RES_VEC.empty( ) ? NULL : &RES_VEC.front(), &size)); \
  }

#define PYOPENCL_GET_STR_INFO(WHAT, FIRST_ARG, SECOND_ARG) \
  { \
    size_t param_value_size; \
    PYOPENCL_CALL_GUARDED(clGet##WHAT##Info, \
        (FIRST_ARG, SECOND_ARG, 0, 0, &param_value_size)); \
    \
    std::vector<char> param_value(param_value_size); \
    PYOPENCL_CALL_GUARDED(clGet##WHAT##Info, \
        (FIRST_ARG, SECOND_ARG, param_value_size,  \
         param_value.empty( ) ? NULL : &param_value.front(), &param_value_size)); \
    \
    return py::object( \
        param_value.empty( ) ? "" : std::string(&param_value.front(), param_value_size-1)); \
  }




#define PYOPENCL_GET_INTEGRAL_INFO(WHAT, FIRST_ARG, SECOND_ARG, TYPE) \
  { \
    TYPE param_value; \
    PYOPENCL_CALL_GUARDED(clGet##WHAT##Info, \
        (FIRST_ARG, SECOND_ARG, sizeof(param_value), &param_value, 0)); \
    return py::object(param_value); \
  }

// }}}

// {{{ event helpers --------------------------------------------------------------
#define PYOPENCL_PARSE_WAIT_FOR \
    cl_uint num_events_in_wait_list = 0; \
    std::vector<cl_event> event_wait_list; \
    \
    if (py_wait_for.ptr() != Py_None) \
    { \
      event_wait_list.resize(len(py_wait_for)); \
      PYTHON_FOREACH(evt, py_wait_for) \
        event_wait_list[num_events_in_wait_list++] = \
        py::extract<event &>(evt)().data(); \
    }

#define PYOPENCL_WAITLIST_ARGS \
    num_events_in_wait_list, event_wait_list.empty( ) ? NULL : &event_wait_list.front()

#define PYOPENCL_RETURN_NEW_NANNY_EVENT(evt, obj) \
    try \
    { \
      return new nanny_event(evt, false, obj); \
    } \
    catch (...) \
    { \
      clReleaseEvent(evt); \
      throw; \
    }

#define PYOPENCL_RETURN_NEW_EVENT(evt) \
    try \
    { \
      return new event(evt, false); \
    } \
    catch (...) \
    { \
      clReleaseEvent(evt); \
      throw; \
    }

// }}}

// {{{ equality testing
#define PYOPENCL_EQUALITY_TESTS(cls) \
    bool operator==(cls const &other) const \
    { return data() == other.data(); } \
    bool operator!=(cls const &other) const \
    { return data() != other.data(); } \
    long hash() const \
    { return (long) (intptr_t) data(); }
// }}}



namespace pyopencl
{
  // {{{ error
  class error : public std::runtime_error
  {
    private:
      const char *m_routine;
      cl_int m_code;

    public:
      error(const char *rout, cl_int c, const char *msg="")
        : std::runtime_error(msg), m_routine(rout), m_code(c)
      { }

      const char *routine() const
      {
        return m_routine;
      }

      cl_int code() const
      {
        return m_code;
      }

      bool is_out_of_memory() const
      {
        return (code() == CL_MEM_OBJECT_ALLOCATION_FAILURE
            || code() == CL_OUT_OF_RESOURCES
            || code() == CL_OUT_OF_HOST_MEMORY);
      }

  };

  // }}}


  // {{{ buffer interface helper
  //
#ifdef PYOPENCL_USE_NEW_BUFFER_INTERFACE
  class py_buffer_wrapper : public boost::noncopyable
  {
    private:
      bool m_initialized;

    public:
      Py_buffer m_buf;

    py_buffer_wrapper()
      : m_initialized(false)
    {}

    void get(PyObject *obj, int flags)
    {
      if (PyObject_GetBuffer(obj, &m_buf, flags))
        throw py::error_already_set();

      m_initialized = true;
    }

    virtual ~py_buffer_wrapper()
    {
      if (m_initialized)
        PyBuffer_Release(&m_buf);
    }
  };
#endif

  // }}}

  inline
  py::tuple get_cl_header_version()
  {
    return py::make_tuple(
        PYOPENCL_CL_VERSION >> (3*4),
        (PYOPENCL_CL_VERSION >> (1*4)) & 0xff
        );
  }


  // {{{ platform
  class platform : boost::noncopyable
  {
    private:
      cl_platform_id m_platform;

    public:
      platform(cl_platform_id pid)
      : m_platform(pid)
      { }

      platform(cl_platform_id pid, bool /*retain (ignored)*/)
      : m_platform(pid)
      { }

      cl_platform_id data() const
      {
        return m_platform;
      }

      PYOPENCL_EQUALITY_TESTS(platform);

      py::object get_info(cl_platform_info param_name) const
      {
        switch (param_name)
        {
          case CL_PLATFORM_PROFILE:
          case CL_PLATFORM_VERSION:
          case CL_PLATFORM_NAME:
          case CL_PLATFORM_VENDOR:
#if !(defined(CL_PLATFORM_NVIDIA) && CL_PLATFORM_NVIDIA == 0x3001)
          case CL_PLATFORM_EXTENSIONS:
#endif
            PYOPENCL_GET_STR_INFO(Platform, m_platform, param_name);

          default:
            throw error("Platform.get_info", CL_INVALID_VALUE);
        }
      }

      py::list get_devices(cl_device_type devtype);
  };




  inline
  py::list get_platforms()
  {
    cl_uint num_platforms = 0;
    PYOPENCL_CALL_GUARDED(clGetPlatformIDs, (0, 0, &num_platforms));

    std::vector<cl_platform_id> platforms(num_platforms);
    PYOPENCL_CALL_GUARDED(clGetPlatformIDs,
        (num_platforms, platforms.empty( ) ? NULL : &platforms.front(), &num_platforms));

    py::list result;
    for (cl_platform_id pid: platforms)
      result.append(handle_from_new_ptr(
            new platform(pid)));

    return result;
  }

  // }}}

  // {{{ device
  class device : boost::noncopyable
  {
    public:
      enum reference_type_t {
        REF_NOT_OWNABLE,
        REF_FISSION_EXT,
#if PYOPENCL_CL_VERSION >= 0x1020
        REF_CL_1_2,
#endif
      };
    private:
      cl_device_id m_device;
      reference_type_t m_ref_type;

    public:
      device(cl_device_id did)
      : m_device(did), m_ref_type(REF_NOT_OWNABLE)
      { }

      device(cl_device_id did, bool retain, reference_type_t ref_type=REF_NOT_OWNABLE)
      : m_device(did), m_ref_type(ref_type)
      {
        if (retain && ref_type != REF_NOT_OWNABLE)
        {
          if (false)
          { }
#if (defined(cl_ext_device_fission) && defined(PYOPENCL_USE_DEVICE_FISSION))
          else if (ref_type == REF_FISSION_EXT)
          {
#if PYOPENCL_CL_VERSION >= 0x1020
            cl_platform_id plat;
            PYOPENCL_CALL_GUARDED(clGetDeviceInfo, (m_device, CL_DEVICE_PLATFORM,
                  sizeof(plat), &plat, NULL));
#endif

            PYOPENCL_GET_EXT_FUN(plat,
                clRetainDeviceEXT, retain_func);

            PYOPENCL_CALL_GUARDED(retain_func, (did));
          }
#endif

#if PYOPENCL_CL_VERSION >= 0x1020
          else if (ref_type == REF_CL_1_2)
          {
            PYOPENCL_CALL_GUARDED(clRetainDevice, (did));
          }
#endif

          else
            throw error("Device", CL_INVALID_VALUE,
                "cannot own references to devices when device fission or CL 1.2 is not available");
        }
      }

      ~device()
      {
        if (false)
        { }
#if defined(cl_ext_device_fission) && defined(PYOPENCL_USE_DEVICE_FISSION)
        else if (m_ref_type == REF_FISSION_EXT)
        {
#if PYOPENCL_CL_VERSION >= 0x1020
          cl_platform_id plat;
          PYOPENCL_CALL_GUARDED(clGetDeviceInfo, (m_device, CL_DEVICE_PLATFORM,
                sizeof(plat), &plat, NULL));
#endif

          PYOPENCL_GET_EXT_FUN(plat,
              clReleaseDeviceEXT, release_func);

          PYOPENCL_CALL_GUARDED_CLEANUP(release_func, (m_device));
        }
#endif

#if PYOPENCL_CL_VERSION >= 0x1020
        else if (m_ref_type == REF_CL_1_2)
          PYOPENCL_CALL_GUARDED(clReleaseDevice, (m_device));
#endif
      }

      cl_device_id data() const
      {
        return m_device;
      }

      PYOPENCL_EQUALITY_TESTS(device);

      py::object get_info(cl_device_info param_name) const
      {
#define DEV_GET_INT_INF(TYPE) \
        PYOPENCL_GET_INTEGRAL_INFO(Device, m_device, param_name, TYPE);

        switch (param_name)
        {
          case CL_DEVICE_TYPE: DEV_GET_INT_INF(cl_device_type);
          case CL_DEVICE_VENDOR_ID: DEV_GET_INT_INF(cl_uint);
          case CL_DEVICE_MAX_COMPUTE_UNITS: DEV_GET_INT_INF(cl_uint);
          case CL_DEVICE_MAX_WORK_ITEM_DIMENSIONS: DEV_GET_INT_INF(cl_uint);
          case CL_DEVICE_MAX_WORK_GROUP_SIZE: DEV_GET_INT_INF(size_t);

          case CL_DEVICE_MAX_WORK_ITEM_SIZES:
            {
              std::vector<size_t> result;
              PYOPENCL_GET_VEC_INFO(Device, m_device, param_name, result);
              PYOPENCL_RETURN_VECTOR(size_t, result);
            }

          case CL_DEVICE_PREFERRED_VECTOR_WIDTH_CHAR: DEV_GET_INT_INF(cl_uint);
          case CL_DEVICE_PREFERRED_VECTOR_WIDTH_SHORT: DEV_GET_INT_INF(cl_uint);
          case CL_DEVICE_PREFERRED_VECTOR_WIDTH_INT: DEV_GET_INT_INF(cl_uint);
          case CL_DEVICE_PREFERRED_VECTOR_WIDTH_LONG: DEV_GET_INT_INF(cl_uint);
          case CL_DEVICE_PREFERRED_VECTOR_WIDTH_FLOAT: DEV_GET_INT_INF(cl_uint);
          case CL_DEVICE_PREFERRED_VECTOR_WIDTH_DOUBLE: DEV_GET_INT_INF(cl_uint);

          case CL_DEVICE_MAX_CLOCK_FREQUENCY: DEV_GET_INT_INF(cl_uint);
          case CL_DEVICE_ADDRESS_BITS: DEV_GET_INT_INF(cl_uint);
          case CL_DEVICE_MAX_READ_IMAGE_ARGS: DEV_GET_INT_INF(cl_uint);
          case CL_DEVICE_MAX_WRITE_IMAGE_ARGS: DEV_GET_INT_INF(cl_uint);
          case CL_DEVICE_MAX_MEM_ALLOC_SIZE: DEV_GET_INT_INF(cl_ulong);
          case CL_DEVICE_IMAGE2D_MAX_WIDTH: DEV_GET_INT_INF(size_t);
          case CL_DEVICE_IMAGE2D_MAX_HEIGHT: DEV_GET_INT_INF(size_t);
          case CL_DEVICE_IMAGE3D_MAX_WIDTH: DEV_GET_INT_INF(size_t);
          case CL_DEVICE_IMAGE3D_MAX_HEIGHT: DEV_GET_INT_INF(size_t);
          case CL_DEVICE_IMAGE3D_MAX_DEPTH: DEV_GET_INT_INF(size_t);
          case CL_DEVICE_IMAGE_SUPPORT: DEV_GET_INT_INF(cl_bool);
          case CL_DEVICE_MAX_PARAMETER_SIZE: DEV_GET_INT_INF(size_t);
          case CL_DEVICE_MAX_SAMPLERS: DEV_GET_INT_INF(cl_uint);
          case CL_DEVICE_MEM_BASE_ADDR_ALIGN: DEV_GET_INT_INF(cl_uint);
          case CL_DEVICE_MIN_DATA_TYPE_ALIGN_SIZE: DEV_GET_INT_INF(cl_uint);
          case CL_DEVICE_SINGLE_FP_CONFIG: DEV_GET_INT_INF(cl_device_fp_config);
#ifdef CL_DEVICE_DOUBLE_FP_CONFIG
          case CL_DEVICE_DOUBLE_FP_CONFIG: DEV_GET_INT_INF(cl_device_fp_config);
#endif
#ifdef CL_DEVICE_HALF_FP_CONFIG
          case CL_DEVICE_HALF_FP_CONFIG: DEV_GET_INT_INF(cl_device_fp_config);
#endif

          case CL_DEVICE_GLOBAL_MEM_CACHE_TYPE: DEV_GET_INT_INF(cl_device_mem_cache_type);
          case CL_DEVICE_GLOBAL_MEM_CACHELINE_SIZE: DEV_GET_INT_INF(cl_uint);
          case CL_DEVICE_GLOBAL_MEM_CACHE_SIZE: DEV_GET_INT_INF(cl_ulong);
          case CL_DEVICE_GLOBAL_MEM_SIZE: DEV_GET_INT_INF(cl_ulong);

          case CL_DEVICE_MAX_CONSTANT_BUFFER_SIZE: DEV_GET_INT_INF(cl_ulong);
          case CL_DEVICE_MAX_CONSTANT_ARGS: DEV_GET_INT_INF(cl_uint);
          case CL_DEVICE_LOCAL_MEM_TYPE: DEV_GET_INT_INF(cl_device_local_mem_type);
          case CL_DEVICE_LOCAL_MEM_SIZE: DEV_GET_INT_INF(cl_ulong);
          case CL_DEVICE_ERROR_CORRECTION_SUPPORT: DEV_GET_INT_INF(cl_bool);
          case CL_DEVICE_PROFILING_TIMER_RESOLUTION: DEV_GET_INT_INF(size_t);
          case CL_DEVICE_ENDIAN_LITTLE: DEV_GET_INT_INF(cl_bool);
          case CL_DEVICE_AVAILABLE: DEV_GET_INT_INF(cl_bool);
          case CL_DEVICE_COMPILER_AVAILABLE: DEV_GET_INT_INF(cl_bool);
          case CL_DEVICE_EXECUTION_CAPABILITIES: DEV_GET_INT_INF(cl_device_exec_capabilities);
          case CL_DEVICE_QUEUE_PROPERTIES: DEV_GET_INT_INF(cl_command_queue_properties);

          case CL_DEVICE_NAME:
          case CL_DEVICE_VENDOR:
          case CL_DRIVER_VERSION:
          case CL_DEVICE_PROFILE:
          case CL_DEVICE_VERSION:
          case CL_DEVICE_EXTENSIONS:
            PYOPENCL_GET_STR_INFO(Device, m_device, param_name);

          case CL_DEVICE_PLATFORM:
            PYOPENCL_GET_OPAQUE_INFO(Device, m_device, param_name, cl_platform_id, platform);

#if PYOPENCL_CL_VERSION >= 0x1010
          case CL_DEVICE_PREFERRED_VECTOR_WIDTH_HALF: DEV_GET_INT_INF(cl_uint);

          case CL_DEVICE_NATIVE_VECTOR_WIDTH_CHAR: DEV_GET_INT_INF(cl_uint);
          case CL_DEVICE_NATIVE_VECTOR_WIDTH_SHORT: DEV_GET_INT_INF(cl_uint);
          case CL_DEVICE_NATIVE_VECTOR_WIDTH_INT: DEV_GET_INT_INF(cl_uint);
          case CL_DEVICE_NATIVE_VECTOR_WIDTH_LONG: DEV_GET_INT_INF(cl_uint);
          case CL_DEVICE_NATIVE_VECTOR_WIDTH_FLOAT: DEV_GET_INT_INF(cl_uint);
          case CL_DEVICE_NATIVE_VECTOR_WIDTH_DOUBLE: DEV_GET_INT_INF(cl_uint);
          case CL_DEVICE_NATIVE_VECTOR_WIDTH_HALF: DEV_GET_INT_INF(cl_uint);

          case CL_DEVICE_HOST_UNIFIED_MEMORY: DEV_GET_INT_INF(cl_bool);
          case CL_DEVICE_OPENCL_C_VERSION:
            PYOPENCL_GET_STR_INFO(Device, m_device, param_name);
#endif
#ifdef CL_DEVICE_COMPUTE_CAPABILITY_MAJOR_NV
          case CL_DEVICE_COMPUTE_CAPABILITY_MAJOR_NV:
          case CL_DEVICE_COMPUTE_CAPABILITY_MINOR_NV:
          case CL_DEVICE_REGISTERS_PER_BLOCK_NV:
          case CL_DEVICE_WARP_SIZE_NV:
            DEV_GET_INT_INF(cl_uint);
          case CL_DEVICE_GPU_OVERLAP_NV:
          case CL_DEVICE_KERNEL_EXEC_TIMEOUT_NV:
          case CL_DEVICE_INTEGRATED_MEMORY_NV:
            DEV_GET_INT_INF(cl_bool);
#endif
#if defined(cl_ext_device_fission) && defined(PYOPENCL_USE_DEVICE_FISSION)
          case CL_DEVICE_PARENT_DEVICE_EXT:
            PYOPENCL_GET_OPAQUE_INFO(Device, m_device, param_name, cl_device_id, device);
          case CL_DEVICE_PARTITION_TYPES_EXT:
          case CL_DEVICE_AFFINITY_DOMAINS_EXT:
          case CL_DEVICE_PARTITION_STYLE_EXT:
            {
              std::vector<cl_device_partition_property_ext> result;
              PYOPENCL_GET_VEC_INFO(Device, m_device, param_name, result);
              PYOPENCL_RETURN_VECTOR(cl_device_partition_property_ext, result);
            }
          case CL_DEVICE_REFERENCE_COUNT_EXT: DEV_GET_INT_INF(cl_uint);
#endif
#if PYOPENCL_CL_VERSION >= 0x1020
          case CL_DEVICE_LINKER_AVAILABLE: DEV_GET_INT_INF(cl_bool);
          case CL_DEVICE_BUILT_IN_KERNELS:
            PYOPENCL_GET_STR_INFO(Device, m_device, param_name);
          case CL_DEVICE_IMAGE_MAX_BUFFER_SIZE: DEV_GET_INT_INF(size_t);
          case CL_DEVICE_IMAGE_MAX_ARRAY_SIZE: DEV_GET_INT_INF(size_t);
          case CL_DEVICE_PARENT_DEVICE:
            PYOPENCL_GET_OPAQUE_INFO(Device, m_device, param_name, cl_device_id, device);
          case CL_DEVICE_PARTITION_MAX_SUB_DEVICES: DEV_GET_INT_INF(cl_uint);
          case CL_DEVICE_PARTITION_TYPE:
          case CL_DEVICE_PARTITION_PROPERTIES:
            {
              std::vector<cl_device_partition_property> result;
              PYOPENCL_GET_VEC_INFO(Device, m_device, param_name, result);
              PYOPENCL_RETURN_VECTOR(cl_device_partition_property, result);
            }
          case CL_DEVICE_PARTITION_AFFINITY_DOMAIN:
            {
              std::vector<cl_device_affinity_domain> result;
              PYOPENCL_GET_VEC_INFO(Device, m_device, param_name, result);
              PYOPENCL_RETURN_VECTOR(cl_device_affinity_domain, result);
            }
          case CL_DEVICE_REFERENCE_COUNT: DEV_GET_INT_INF(cl_uint);
          case CL_DEVICE_PREFERRED_INTEROP_USER_SYNC: DEV_GET_INT_INF(cl_bool);
          case CL_DEVICE_PRINTF_BUFFER_SIZE: DEV_GET_INT_INF(cl_bool);
#endif
// {{{ AMD dev attrs
//
// types of AMD dev attrs divined from
// https://www.khronos.org/registry/cl/api/1.2/cl.hpp
#ifdef CL_DEVICE_PROFILING_TIMER_OFFSET_AMD
          case CL_DEVICE_PROFILING_TIMER_OFFSET_AMD: DEV_GET_INT_INF(cl_ulong);
#endif
/* FIXME
#ifdef CL_DEVICE_TOPOLOGY_AMD
          case CL_DEVICE_TOPOLOGY_AMD:
#endif
*/
#ifdef CL_DEVICE_BOARD_NAME_AMD
          case CL_DEVICE_BOARD_NAME_AMD: ;
            PYOPENCL_GET_STR_INFO(Device, m_device, param_name);
#endif
#ifdef CL_DEVICE_GLOBAL_FREE_MEMORY_AMD
          case CL_DEVICE_GLOBAL_FREE_MEMORY_AMD:
            {
              std::vector<size_t> result;
              PYOPENCL_GET_VEC_INFO(Device, m_device, param_name, result);
              PYOPENCL_RETURN_VECTOR(size_t, result);
            }
#endif
#ifdef CL_DEVICE_SIMD_PER_COMPUTE_UNIT_AMD
          case CL_DEVICE_SIMD_PER_COMPUTE_UNIT_AMD: DEV_GET_INT_INF(cl_uint);
#endif
#ifdef CL_DEVICE_SIMD_WIDTH_AMD
          case CL_DEVICE_SIMD_WIDTH_AMD: DEV_GET_INT_INF(cl_uint);
#endif
#ifdef CL_DEVICE_SIMD_INSTRUCTION_WIDTH_AMD
          case CL_DEVICE_SIMD_INSTRUCTION_WIDTH_AMD: DEV_GET_INT_INF(cl_uint);
#endif
#ifdef CL_DEVICE_WAVEFRONT_WIDTH_AMD
          case CL_DEVICE_WAVEFRONT_WIDTH_AMD: DEV_GET_INT_INF(cl_uint);
#endif
#ifdef CL_DEVICE_GLOBAL_MEM_CHANNELS_AMD
          case CL_DEVICE_GLOBAL_MEM_CHANNELS_AMD: DEV_GET_INT_INF(cl_uint);
#endif
#ifdef CL_DEVICE_GLOBAL_MEM_CHANNEL_BANKS_AMD
          case CL_DEVICE_GLOBAL_MEM_CHANNEL_BANKS_AMD: DEV_GET_INT_INF(cl_uint);
#endif
#ifdef CL_DEVICE_GLOBAL_MEM_CHANNEL_BANK_WIDTH_AMD
          case CL_DEVICE_GLOBAL_MEM_CHANNEL_BANK_WIDTH_AMD: DEV_GET_INT_INF(cl_uint);
#endif
#ifdef CL_DEVICE_LOCAL_MEM_SIZE_PER_COMPUTE_UNIT_AMD
          case CL_DEVICE_LOCAL_MEM_SIZE_PER_COMPUTE_UNIT_AMD: DEV_GET_INT_INF(cl_uint);
#endif
#ifdef CL_DEVICE_LOCAL_MEM_BANKS_AMD
          case CL_DEVICE_LOCAL_MEM_BANKS_AMD: DEV_GET_INT_INF(cl_uint);
#endif
// }}}

#ifdef CL_DEVICE_MAX_ATOMIC_COUNTERS_EXT
          case CL_DEVICE_MAX_ATOMIC_COUNTERS_EXT: DEV_GET_INT_INF(cl_uint);
#endif

          default:
            throw error("Device.get_info", CL_INVALID_VALUE);
        }
      }

#if PYOPENCL_CL_VERSION >= 0x1020
      py::list create_sub_devices(py::object py_properties)
      {
        std::vector<cl_device_partition_property> properties;

        COPY_PY_LIST(cl_device_partition_property, properties);
        properties.push_back(0);

        cl_device_partition_property *props_ptr
          = properties.empty( ) ? NULL : &properties.front();

        cl_uint num_entries;
        PYOPENCL_CALL_GUARDED(clCreateSubDevices,
            (m_device, props_ptr, 0, NULL, &num_entries));

        std::vector<cl_device_id> result;
        result.resize(num_entries);

        PYOPENCL_CALL_GUARDED(clCreateSubDevices,
            (m_device, props_ptr, num_entries, &result.front(), NULL));

        py::list py_result;
        for (cl_device_id did: result)
          py_result.append(handle_from_new_ptr(
                new pyopencl::device(did, /*retain*/true,
                  device::REF_CL_1_2)));
        return py_result;
      }
#endif

#if defined(cl_ext_device_fission) && defined(PYOPENCL_USE_DEVICE_FISSION)
      py::list create_sub_devices_ext(py::object py_properties)
      {
        std::vector<cl_device_partition_property_ext> properties;

#if PYOPENCL_CL_VERSION >= 0x1020
        cl_platform_id plat;
        PYOPENCL_CALL_GUARDED(clGetDeviceInfo, (m_device, CL_DEVICE_PLATFORM,
              sizeof(plat), &plat, NULL));
#endif

        PYOPENCL_GET_EXT_FUN(plat, clCreateSubDevicesEXT, create_sub_dev);

        COPY_PY_LIST(cl_device_partition_property_ext, properties);
        properties.push_back(CL_PROPERTIES_LIST_END_EXT);

        cl_device_partition_property_ext *props_ptr
          = properties.empty( ) ? NULL : &properties.front();

        cl_uint num_entries;
        PYOPENCL_CALL_GUARDED(create_sub_dev,
            (m_device, props_ptr, 0, NULL, &num_entries));

        std::vector<cl_device_id> result;
        result.resize(num_entries);

        PYOPENCL_CALL_GUARDED(create_sub_dev,
            (m_device, props_ptr, num_entries, &result.front(), NULL));

        py::list py_result;
        for (cl_device_id did: result)
          py_result.append(handle_from_new_ptr(
                new pyopencl::device(did, /*retain*/true,
                  device::REF_FISSION_EXT)));
        return py_result;
      }
#endif

  };




  inline py::list platform::get_devices(cl_device_type devtype)
  {
    cl_uint num_devices = 0;
    PYOPENCL_PRINT_CALL_TRACE("clGetDeviceIDs");
    {
      cl_int status_code;
      status_code = clGetDeviceIDs(m_platform, devtype, 0, 0, &num_devices);
      if (status_code == CL_DEVICE_NOT_FOUND)
        num_devices = 0;
      else if (status_code != CL_SUCCESS) \
        throw pyopencl::error("clGetDeviceIDs", status_code);
    }

    if (num_devices == 0)
      return py::list();

    std::vector<cl_device_id> devices(num_devices);
    PYOPENCL_CALL_GUARDED(clGetDeviceIDs,
        (m_platform, devtype,
         num_devices, devices.empty( ) ? NULL : &devices.front(), &num_devices));

    py::list result;
    for (cl_device_id did: devices)
      result.append(handle_from_new_ptr(
            new device(did)));

    return result;
  }

  // }}}

  // {{{ context
  class context : public boost::noncopyable
  {
    private:
      cl_context m_context;

    public:
      context(cl_context ctx, bool retain)
        : m_context(ctx)
      {
        if (retain)
          PYOPENCL_CALL_GUARDED(clRetainContext, (ctx));
      }


      ~context()
      {
        PYOPENCL_CALL_GUARDED_CLEANUP(clReleaseContext,
            (m_context));
      }

      cl_context data() const
      {
        return m_context;
      }

      PYOPENCL_EQUALITY_TESTS(context);

      py::object get_info(cl_context_info param_name) const
      {
        switch (param_name)
        {
          case CL_CONTEXT_REFERENCE_COUNT:
            PYOPENCL_GET_INTEGRAL_INFO(
                Context, m_context, param_name, cl_uint);

          case CL_CONTEXT_DEVICES:
            {
              std::vector<cl_device_id> result;
              PYOPENCL_GET_VEC_INFO(Context, m_context, param_name, result);

              py::list py_result;
              for (cl_device_id did: result)
                py_result.append(handle_from_new_ptr(
                      new pyopencl::device(did)));
              return py_result;
            }

          case CL_CONTEXT_PROPERTIES:
            {
              std::vector<cl_context_properties> result;
              PYOPENCL_GET_VEC_INFO(Context, m_context, param_name, result);

              py::list py_result;
              for (size_t i = 0; i < result.size(); i+=2)
              {
                cl_context_properties key = result[i];
                py::object value;
                switch (key)
                {
                  case CL_CONTEXT_PLATFORM:
                    {
                      value = py::object(
                          handle_from_new_ptr(new platform(
                            reinterpret_cast<cl_platform_id>(result[i+1]))));
                      break;
                    }

#if defined(PYOPENCL_GL_SHARING_VERSION) && (PYOPENCL_GL_SHARING_VERSION >= 1)
#if defined(__APPLE__) && defined(HAVE_GL)
                  case CL_CONTEXT_PROPERTY_USE_CGL_SHAREGROUP_APPLE:
#else
                  case CL_GL_CONTEXT_KHR:
                  case CL_EGL_DISPLAY_KHR:
                  case CL_GLX_DISPLAY_KHR:
                  case CL_WGL_HDC_KHR:
                  case CL_CGL_SHAREGROUP_KHR:
#endif
                    value = py::object(result[i+1]);
                    break;

#endif
                  case 0:
                    break;