diff --git a/pytential/qbx/target_assoc.py b/pytential/qbx/target_assoc.py
index 22b2351ba82ce692cca49b5b73e1d1730604924b..5e1bcb1eb88fb7ed97ace3175c451beb8631dac8 100644
--- a/pytential/qbx/target_assoc.py
+++ b/pytential/qbx/target_assoc.py
@@ -35,6 +35,7 @@ import pyopencl.array # noqa
 from boxtree.tools import DeviceDataRecord
 from boxtree.area_query import AreaQueryElementwiseTemplate
 from boxtree.tools import InlineBinarySearch
+from cgen import Enum
 from pytential.qbx.utils import (
     QBX_TREE_C_PREAMBLE, QBX_TREE_MAKO_DEFS)
 
@@ -85,34 +86,21 @@ logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
 
 # {{{ kernels
 
-TARGET_ASSOC_DEFINES = r"""
-enum TargetStatus
-{
-    UNMARKED,
-    MARKED_QBX_CENTER_PENDING,
-    MARKED_QBX_CENTER_FOUND
-};
-
-enum TargetFlag
-{
-    INTERIOR_OR_EXTERIOR_VOLUME_TARGET = 0,
-    INTERIOR_SURFACE_TARGET = -1,
-    EXTERIOR_SURFACE_TARGET = +1,
-    INTERIOR_VOLUME_TARGET  = -2,
-    EXTERIOR_VOLUME_TARGET  = +2
-};
-"""
-
+class target_status_enum(Enum):  # noqa
+    c_name = "TargetStatus"
+    dtype = np.int32
+    c_value_prefix = ""
 
-class target_status_enum(object):  # noqa
-    # NOTE: Must match "enum TargetStatus" above
     UNMARKED = 0
     MARKED_QBX_CENTER_PENDING = 1
     MARKED_QBX_CENTER_FOUND = 2
 
 
-class target_flag_enum(object):  # noqa
-    # NOTE: Must match "enum TargetFlag" above
+class target_flag_enum(Enum):  # noqa
+    c_name = "TargetFlag"
+    dtype = np.int32
+    c_value_prefix = ""
+
     INTERIOR_OR_EXTERIOR_VOLUME_TARGET = 0
     INTERIOR_SURFACE_TARGET = -1
     EXTERIOR_SURFACE_TARGET = +1
@@ -120,6 +108,16 @@ class target_flag_enum(object):  # noqa
     EXTERIOR_VOLUME_TARGET = +2
 
 
+def _generate_enum_code(enum):
+    return "\n".join(enum.generate())
+
+
+TARGET_ASSOC_DEFINES = "".join([
+    _generate_enum_code(target_status_enum),
+    _generate_enum_code(target_flag_enum),
+])
+
+
 QBX_TARGET_MARKER = AreaQueryElementwiseTemplate(
     extra_args=r"""
         /* input */